Navicular in Horses
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As pet parents, we know that our canine companions will smell from time to time. (And with their superior sense of smell, it’s clear they love us even with our morning breath and post-gym stink.) While their smelliness is more obvious in instances where they’ve had a heyday romping and rolling around in mud, there are other times when you can’t help but wonder why your precious pup is so stinky. Like us, the longer a dog goes without a bath, the more their normal bacteria breaks down natural oils, causing smells to be released, build up and linger on their skin and coat. But that’s just one of the ways a dog can get smelly, says Dr. Kari Murdoch, DVM, a veterinarian with The Vets in the greater Chicago area, Illinois. Common causes of a stinky dog odor include: Skin infections (e.g., bacterial or yeast infections) and allergies Ear infections (otitis externa) Dental problems (e.g., periodontal disease or infected teeth) Anal gland problems Each of these conditions can cause a distinct, foul smell that ranges from fishy to yeasty coming from either your dog’s skin, ears, mouth or bottom, depending on the cause. Other causes for dog odor can include systemic problems, such as metabolic diseases like kidney disease and liver failure, or certain tumors, Dr. Murdoch adds. If you notice that your dog has a persistent or unusual smell, consult with a vet to rule out underlying health problems and treat any symptoms.,Not sure why your dog smells like Fritos, fish, or is just flat-out stinky? You’re not alone. We love our smelly dogs unconditionally. Funky odors on the other hand? Not so much. We spoke to a veterinarian to learn more about the common reasons for dog odor, when it’s time to go to the vet and how to get rid of the smell on your dog and in your home.

This year, why not use reclaimed, recycled, and natural materials to decorate for the holidays? Dubbed “Homespun Holiday” by style spotters, it’s the perfect excuse to go for a long walk in the woods with your pet. Grab a basket or canvas bag and hit the trail (here are some dog-approved places to go), picking up the natural treasures you find along the way. How “right” would a bowl of perfectly-imperfect pinecones that you gathered on a stroll with your dog feel about now? Your attention is the best gift you can give your pet (and you can both burn some calories, too). Use your bounty to create this foraged wreath.,We can always count on our dogs and cats to inspire us to find joy in holiday traditions, both old and new. To help you make the most of this holiday season, we’re sharing four of our favorite festive and fun things to do with our pets.

If your cat is choking and unable to clear their airway themselves, performing the cat Heimlich can literally save their life. Ahead, we’re guiding you through the process.

When your kitten or cat develops a bacterial infection, antibiotics can play a vital role in helping them heal. But not every sneeze or scratch requires antibiotics. In fact, using these medications when they’re not needed can do more harm than good. So, how do you know when antibiotics are necessary for cats? And what should you expect if your cat is prescribed one? This guide breaks down everything you need to know about antibiotics for cats, including when they’re used, common types, and important safety tips.

Dogs can feel a variety of emotions, including happiness, fear, anger, and even love. These emotions are often displayed through body language, behavior, and how they interact with others. For example, a wagging tail often means your pup is happy, while cowering may show fear. Behavioral studies and observations have shown that dogs experience emotions. A 2015 study published in Current Biology showed that dogs have the ability to distinguish between different human facial expressions. More than just reading cues, their reactions to happy and angry faces suggest that dogs—much like humans and other animals such as elephants and dolphins—exhibit emotional intelligence. Research published in a 2016 Science article also supports the idea that dogs have emotional responses similar to humans, with areas of their brains lighting up in ways that correspond to specific feelings. Research like this supports the broader understanding that dogs have emotions and can recognize and respond to the emotions of humans and other dogs.,Jump to section Do Dogs Have Emotions? What Is Dog Grief? What Are the Signs of Dog Grief? How To Help a Grieving Dog FAQs About Dog Grief

Ferrets are highly intelligent animals with the ability to be trained and to learn new tricks. Just like cats and dogs, ferrets can be housebroken. And that’s good news for two reasons: A litter-trained ferret can spend more free time outside of her cage, which means more opportunities for enrichment and more time spent together. You won’t have to worry as much about cleaning up accidents. You can start training your ferret as soon as you bring her home for the first time. Starting good habits while your ferret is still young can help her learn faster, though you can also teach your ferret to use litter as an adult.

Dr. M. Leanne Lilly, DVM, DACVB, is a veterinary behaviorist: someone who is trained as a veterinarian but specializes in treating behavior issues in animals. According to Lilly, some cat behaviors are pretty straightforward, while others can be harder to interpret. The key, she says, is to look at the whole picture when a behavior is occurring. Depending on the context, one posture or behavior can mean different things. One example Lilly gives is pouncing. Pouncing can be part of play. “Rough-and-tumble kittens will take turns pouncing on each other,” says Lilly. But pouncing can also be aggressive cat behavior if a cat is trying to eject another feline from their personal space. Finally, pouncing can be meant playfully but also be received as inappropriate. Think of when your cat pounces, and bites at your feet and ankles. The main takeaway: You may need to consider more than just your cat’s body language to know how they’re feeling. The key to understanding your cat’s mood is to look at everything happening around them in the moment. That said, here are the most common reasons why your cat moves or behaves in the way they do.,Jump to section Consider the Context Your Cat’s Tail Your Cat’s Ears Your Cat’s Eyes Your Cat’s Back Your Cat’s Body Posture Your Cat’s Behaviors
Can a Cat Die From a Seizure? Deaths from seizures in cats are not common. Most often, fatalities come from untreated status epilepticus, toxin ingestion that causes other metabolic abnormalities, or chronically low blood sugar that leads to a ketotic state, where the body burns fat instead of sugar. Certain infections such as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), which is often fatal, may also cause seizures, but the deaths are usually not caused by the seizure itself.,How Vets Find the Cause of a Cat’s Seizures Testing for extracranial causes of seizures is much easier than testing for intracranial causes. The only way to thoroughly image the brain and its surrounding tissues is via MRI, which can be expensive for pet parents. Thus, your veterinarian will start by ruling out extracranial causes first. This testing includes: Full bloodwork to investigate any bone marrow, kidney, liver, or gastrointestinal diseases Urine testing to look for signs of infection or kidney disease Taking your cat’s blood pressure to check for hypertension Infectious disease testing to rule out viral infections (such as FIP, FIV, feline leukemia), bacterial infections, parasitic infections (Toxoplasmosis), or fungal infections such as Cryptococcus Abdominal imaging through x-rays or ultrasound to further stage chronic diseases such as kidney disease, liver disease, or cancer Intracranial disease is often confirmed or ruled out with an MRI. This allows imaging of the brain and the meninges (tissues surrounding the brain). Often, a sample of spinal fluid is obtained to help rule out certain infectious diseases and assess for inflammation.,A seizure is defined as a sudden, controlled electrical disturbance in the brain that can lead to behavioral changes and a change in levels of consciousness. Seizures of any kind are frightening to watch, especially when they happen to our feline friends. In general, seizures themselves are usually not life-threatening unless they are violent or prolonged. Seizures can occur for many reasons in cats. They can either be intracranial, meaning they’re caused by factors inside the brain, or extracranial, meaning they’re caused by factors outside of the brain. Most seizures are symptoms of an underlying condition inside or outside the brain. Epilepsy, for example, is a disorder of the brain that causes repeated seizures from an unknown cause when there’s no obvious brain injury. Unlike the human and canine worlds, epilepsy is a rare condition in cats. That’s why it’s important to investigate all possible causes of seizure activity in cats to appropriately treat them before simply arriving at a diagnosis of epilepsy. Types of Cat Seizures Many people who are unfamiliar with seizures probably picture full-body shaking, foaming at the mouth, and loss of consciousness. Although this is common in cats, seizures can also exhibit different symptoms, and not all of them are obvious or violent. From most common to least, the types of seizures in cats include: Focal Seizures/Partial Motor Seizures: These types of seizures are the most common in cats and only affect a focused part of the brain, leading to localized body effects, depending on which part of the brain is affected. There is usually no loss of consciousness, although the cat may seem dazed. These are usually nonviolent seizures that can be missed by pet parents as the signs are usually subtle—ear flicking and whisker, mouth, and eye twitching. Generalized Seizures/Grand Mal Seizures: This type of seizure leads to a loss of consciousness and total body function, causing tonic-clonic movements or convulsions. The entire body is affected since a larger area of the brain is often affected. Muscles in the body will move involuntarily and often drastically. Often, cats will clench their mouth, drool, urinate, or defecate during the seizure due to loss of normal body function. Psychomotor Seizures/Complex Partial Seizures: These types of seizures cause involuntary strange behaviors, including growling, violent chewing at the tail or skin, loud vocalization, or random racing spurts. These are similar to focal/partial motor seizures and are even sometimes considered a specific type of these seizures, as they do not affect consciousness. A well-known example of a psychomotor seizure is a “fly-biting” seizure because a cat will abruptly start chomping their mouth at the air as if trying to catch flies. The age when seizures start, seizure type, and frequency are considered patterns. Determining the type of seizure pattern can help determine diagnoses and treatments to administer.

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