How To Brush Cats’ Teeth
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In This Article How To Brush a Cat’s Teeth View 5 More +

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A Abrielle A unique twist on the more common, Gabrielle, meaning “god is my strength.” After all, “god” is dog spelled backwards. Acadia Meaning “idyllic place” like Acadia National Park, which allows dogs on 100 miles of hiking trails. Sounds pretty idyllic to us. Adélie Pronounced “AH-de-lee,” a noble name for your queenly lady. Aimée The French version of Amy has a certain je nais sais quois befitting of cultured canines. Alexandre A fitting name if your dog is a staunch defender of all that is good in the world, meaning “defender of the people.” Amélie The title character of French comedy”Amélie” is the perfect pup namesake—sweet, innocent and playful, Amélie is impossible not to love. Ameline Meaning “hard-working,” it’s a great name for your dashing dame who loves to stay busy. Amour French for “love,” it’s the best French dog name to tell your dog, “I love you.” Anatole Meaning “sunrise,” it’s perfect for your Anatolian Shepherd. Andre All dogs who adore balls will appreciate this nod to the famous tennis player and Olympic gold medalist, Andre Agassi. Annecy A romantic lakeside city in the French Alps. Angeline Meaning “little angel”—because your pup comes with a built-in halo, of course. Antoinette In honor of the last queen of France, Marie Antoinette, this certainly gives your dog an air of that French je ne sais quoi. Argent Pronounced “ar-jan” and meaning “silver.” Cute for a dog with a silver coat or an older dog who might be showing some grays around the edges. Armand Famous French industrialist Armand Peugeot was a pioneer in the automotive industry. A fitting name if your dog loves car rides. Arnaud Meaning “eagle” or “power,” this name shared by retired French tennis player Arnaud Clément might be a great fit for a dog who’s especially strong. Aubergine Look at your dog’s body from above. Are they shaped like an eggplant? If so, this French word for the vegetable is a match. Augustin For the distinguished dog deserving a title with an illustrious ring.,The French language is among the most romantic in the world. So what better way to find the perfect name for your canine amour (love) than to give your dog a fabulous French dog name? These picks run the gamut from distinguished and dainty to deliciously fun to say. Vive la France! Don’t stop here—check out these names inspired by Spain and Italy, too!

I turned to Donna Muscarella, Ph.D. at the Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology of Cornell University’s Veterinary Medical Center for help with this question. Her response provided a wealth of information, as did those of her colleagues, Dr. Noah Abou-Madi and Dr. James Morrisey.,Q.

Watching your cat deal with pain can be heartbreaking and can leave you feeling helpless, not knowing how to comfort them. Traditionally, we think of treating pain with medications. But there are many other ways to treat pain, including natural pain relief for cats, that can be used alone or in conjunction with pain medications. If you are concerned that your cat may be in pain, start with a veterinary appointment. The veterinarian will do a physical exam and possibly some tests to determine the cause and severity of pain. Once your cat’s doctor determines the cause, they can put together a treatment plan to help or even resolve the pain. This is a good time to discuss using multiple types of pain control, including natural pain relief. This can be especially helpful when treating chronic pain such as arthritis. Natural Pain Relief Options for Cats When treating pain and inflammation in cats, omega fatty acids and glucosamine can be used in addition to, or in lieu of, traditional pain medications. Heat/ice, laser therapy, chiropractics, physical therapy, massage, and acupuncture can also be very helpful in treating cat pain. In many cases, these services may even be provided in your own home. There are also many ways to modify your home and your cat’s space to better accommodate them. Supplements Check with your veterinarian before adding a supplement to your cat’s diet. These substances, unlike prescription medications, are not regulated by the FDA. This means that they can be sold without any proof of their effectiveness or safety. There is also no guarantee of consistent reported ingredients. Cats are more susceptible to plant-based toxicity than humans and dogs, so be cautious when selecting supplements for your cat. Omega Fatty Acids According to the National Research Council (NRC) and the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), dietary fats and fatty acids are essential in the diets of cats. They provide energy, modulate inflammation, help in fat-soluble vitamin absorption, and promote healthy growth and development, along with many other health benefits. The type and amount of fatty acids in your cat’s diet make a difference. For example, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are required in a cat’s diet because cats cannot produce these fats on their own: Omega-6 essential fatty acids: linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) Omega-3 essential fatty acids: alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) EPA and DHA are found primarily in marine sources such as fish oil. Plant-based oils are sources of LA and ALA, and AA is typically derived from animal fat. Feeding an AAFCO-aligned commercial diet should provide all the essential fatty acids your cat needs. You can give your cat fatty acid supplements as well, but always consult with your veterinarian beforehand. The type and amount given to your cat can improve or impair their health, depending on their current health condition and symptoms. For example, fish oil can potentially help with inflammatory skin disease, arthritis, cancer, hyperlipidemia, and even heart disease if given in the right circumstances in the right amount. Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate Glucosamine and chondroitin are often used together in commercial supplements for cats. This combination can help with arthritis and feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). Glucosamine is a mild anti-inflammatory. It helps the joints make cartilage and acts as extra protection for the urinary tract. Chondroitin helps make cartilage as well and can even inhibit destruction of cartilage. Despite limited studies of these supplements in animals, there is strong anecdotal evidence that they may be helpful. Your veterinarian can help recommend specific products.

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What Does It Mean If a Dog Is Heartworm-Positive? It means that a dog has been found to be infested with Dirofilaria immitis, the organism that causes heartworm disease in dogs. This is a large worm with a six-to-seven-month life cycle that ultimately ends up living in the heart and pulmonary vessels. As the heart becomes clogged with worms, it pushes less blood out to the rest of the body, and heart failure can result. Symptoms of heartworm disease in dogs often include: Cough Lethargy Exercise intolerance Some dogs may show weight loss, difficulty breathing, and even excessive panting. Left untreated, dogs may go on to experience right-sided heart failure. However, other dogs may not show any of the above symptoms. Heartworm disease in dogs is a treatable condition, and dogs can go on to live a healthy life and make exceptional companions and family pets. Adopting a Heartworm-Positive Dog A diagnosis of heartworm disease is not a death sentence, although for reasons not always understood, for some heartworm-positive dogs, the disease is fatal. Heartworm-positive dogs often go unnoticed or unwanted in the shelter, for no other reason than the stigma that they are either extremely sick or have behavior problems. In reality, they typically make great companions and can have a relatively normal quality of life if the condition is treated and managed appropriately. Heartworm-positive dogs in a shelter are dogs that have been neglected, either as: Strays, lost pets, transfers, or dogs relocated from other parts of the United States Owner surrenders (for reasons including change in owner lifestyle, inability to afford care, or simply no longer wanting the pet) Confiscated animals (often due to neglect or abuse) Survivors of hoarding situations Heartworm-positive dogs pose a concern to other dogs in the environment, as they are reservoirs for propagating heartworms. Mosquitoes can transmit heartworm parasites from one dog to another. Dogs cannot directly transmit heartworm disease to each other. Often, determining the severity of heartworm disease involves identifying the classification of the worm and noting what, if any, symptoms the dog is exhibiting. Most shelters will test for heartworms upon intake if the dog is a stray, or they may have insight into their medical history if they were surrendered. This information will be helpful to understand their baseline before you set up your first veterinarian appointment. Consider the following questions as a guide in the adoption process: What is their past medical history (if known), including any diagnostics or other treatments given, such as baseline blood work and chest x-rays? What is their current medical history? How long has the dog been diagnosed with heartworm disease? What class/stage of heartworm are they in? Have they been treated already? If not, where in the heartworm treatment process are they? If treated, how is the dog faring? Any side effects from the treatment? What type of heartworm preventive medication is the dog currently taking? Does your shelter offer any additional in-house low-cost testing, coupons, or discounted medical care to help with the associated costs, including the treatment itself and future heartworm prevention? Treatment Options for Heartworm Disease in Dogs Once a diagnosis has been obtained, heartworm disease is often categorized into four classes based on severity of infection and risk of treatment. Class 1 Heartworm: Dogs with a positive heartworm test but often show no signs or relatively mild signs like cough. Class 2 Heartworm: Dogs with a positive test and often have moderate signs like exercise intolerance. Class 3 Heartworm: Dogs with a positive test and often are sick and debilitated. Class 4 Heartworm: Often referred to as caval syndrome; these dogs are in a life-threatening situation as worms are blocking blood from exiting the heart (typically requires immediate surgery by a specialist to survive). Additional testing is often recommended and performed to help determine the dog’s heartworm class. Speak with the shelter staff to determine what testing has been performed and the results. If there has been no formal testing outside a general heartworm test at the shelter, make sure a heartworm test is done at the first visit to your veterinarian. The good news is that your dog can be cured of heartworm disease. Treatment often includes the following: Steroids to decrease inflammation created by the worm itself. Antibiotics, such as doxycycline, to kill Wolbachia, a symbiote organism that lives within the heartworm. Without the symbiote, the host heartworm becomes easier to kill and secondary inflammation is minimized. Heartworm preventive to prevent younger worms from developing into adults and to rid the bloodstream of any circulating microfilariae An injection containing the arsenic-based compound melarsomine, a medication designed to kill adult heartworms. This is referred to as the “fast kill” method and is the recommended treatment by the American Heartworm Society (AHS). The “slow kill” method (a combination of doxycycline and a monthly preventive), while not recommended by the AHS, may be an alternative when “fast kill” is not an option. However, because the length of time to a heartworm-disease-free state is longer, continued damage to the heart and organs will occur. It’s important to discuss all options with your veterinarian to determine the best one for your dog. Cost of Heartworm Disease Treatment in Dogs The cost of heartworm treatment typically equates to about 13 years of monthly prevention. Cost can also vary depending on your geographical location. The good news is that as part of the adoption process, most shelters will cover the cost of heartworm treatment, either entirely or at a reduced rate. Pet insurance may be an option, especially if the dog has yet to be diagnosed, though most insurance companies consider heartworm disease a pre-existing condition. If either of the above are not options, seeking treatment with your family veterinarian may cost anywhere from several hundred dollars to $1,800, depending on the size of your dog. Long-Term Management of Heartworm Disease in Dogs If the pup you are interested in adopting is heartworm positive and has yet to undergo treatment for heartworm disease, note that the treatment is not without risks. Dogs that undergo heartworm treatment as discussed above can suffer from shock, blood clots, or sudden death. However, the degree of severity will affect the prognosis, and the sooner the disease is caught and treated, the greater the likelihood for a good outcome. Keep in mind that dogs that are successfully treated will continue to make great companions in the future, and if the dog you are interested in adopting has already undergone treatment and if no long-term damage from the worms has occurred, the only thing you need to worry about is giving your pet year-round prevention moving forward. Prevention of Heartworm Disease in Dogs Depending on whether your dog has already received treatment for heartworm disease, going forward, it is important to place your pet on a preventive year-round. There are multiple types and forms of affordable heartworm prevention on the market—tablets, topicals, and even injectable versions that can provide anywhere from a month to a year of protection. Some of the products are combined with flea and tick control to give your dog a more comprehensive preventive profile. If your dog has yet to be treated, speak with the shelter staff and your family veterinarian about the specific type of preventive needed during treatment, as there are only a few that should be given, to minimize secondary complications. Adopting a Heartworm-Positive Dog FAQS Can dogs fully recover from heartworm? Yes. If heartworm disease is caught early and treated appropriately, your dog may go on to have a good-quality life. Unfortunately, some dogs may experience undesirable consequences either from treatment or from the disease itself, and may end up with lifelong complications. And it’s important to note that even if your dog recovers, they can become infected again in the future if certain precautions, such as monthly prevention, are not taken. Does heartworm treatment shorten a dog’s life? The majority of dogs that suffer from heartworm disease receive treatment, recover, and go on to lead a relatively normal life. Can I get pet insurance if my dog has heartworm? For most pet insurance companies, dogs previously diagnosed with heartworm disease would be excluded from coverage, as this would be considered a pre-existing condition unless the dog has insurance prior to diagnosis. Featured Image: iStock.com/mladenbalinovac

As herbivores, horses primarily eat forage like grass and hay, but how much hay does a horse eat? A number of variables, including age, workload, and the type of hay, can affect how much hay your horse should eat.

So, what is a primordial pouch, anyway? It’s simpler than it sounds. “Primordial pouch” is just a fancy name for the soft, saggy flap of skin under a cat’s belly, explains Dr. Chyrle Bonk, DVM, an associate veterinarian at Clearwater Valley Veterinary Clinic in Orofino, Idaho. It runs the length of the cat’s underside, but is typically more pronounced near the back legs. “The primordial pouch is a mix of fat, skin and fur,” says Dr. Bonk. “All cats have primordial pouches—they are just different sizes depending on your kitty.” Cats begin to develop stomach pouches during kittenhood, typically around 6 months old. And the feature isn’t unique to house cats, she notes. Big cats, including lions and tigers, have them as well.,Jump to section 1. What Is a Primordial Pouch? 2. Why Do Cats Have Primordial Pouches? 3. Does a Primordial Pouch Mean My Cat Is Overweight? 4. Why Is the Internet So Obsessed With This Pouch?

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